Pengaruh Posisi Fowler Terhadap Mean Arterial Pressure Pada Pasien Pasca Operasi Odontektomi Dengan General Anestesi Di RSUD Kota Yogyakarta

Abstract

Background: Odontectomy performed under general anesthesia may cause various postoperative physiological changes, one of which is hemodynamic instability. Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) is an important indicator used to assess organ perfusion and blood pressure stability in post-anesthesia patients. Patients undergoing odontectomy are at risk of experiencing changes in MAP due to the effects of anesthesia, pain, surgical stress, and circulatory alterations. The Fowler position is a non-pharmacological intervention that may help maintain hemodynamic stability in postoperative patients.

Methods: This study employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 38 respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. MAP measurements were obtained before and after the implementation of the Fowler position. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test.

Results: Before the implementation of the Fowler position, the majority of respondents were categorized as having hypotensive MAP values, accounting for 23 respondents (60.5%). After the intervention, most respondents were categorized as having normal MAP values, accounting for 29 respondents (76.3%). The Wilcoxon test obtained a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: There is a significant effect of the Fowler position on Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) in post-odontectomy patients under general anesthesia at Yogyakarta Regional Hospital.