Hubungan Riwayat Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Dengan Status Gizi Balita Di TPMB Titik Sriwahyuni, Kota Atambua

Abstract

Abstrak

Kesehatan dan tumbuh kembang anak balita dapat tercermin dari status gizinya, yang menjadi salah satu ukuran penting dalam melihat kualitas kehidupan anak. Sejak awal kehidupan, ASI eksklusif selama enam bulan pertama menjadi faktor yang diduga memiliki peranan besar dalam membentuk kondisi gizi tersebut. Penelitian ini mencoba melihat apakah terdapat keterkaitan antara riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan status gizi balita di TPMB Titik Sriwahyuni, Kota Atambua. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang (cross sectional). Sebanyak 40 ibu yang memiliki balita usia 1–5 tahun dijadikan sampel melalui teknik total sampling. Informasi mengenai pemberian ASI eksklusif dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, sedangkan status gizi diperoleh melalui pengukuran berat badan menurut umur (BB/U). Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi-square pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas ibu (60%) memberikan ASI eksklusif dan sebagian besar balita (75%) berada dalam kategori gizi normal. Uji statistik menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,021 yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara ASI eksklusif dan status gizi balita. Anak yang memperoleh ASI eksklusif cenderung memiliki kondisi gizi yang lebih baik dibandingkan yang tidak. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan edukasi dan pendampingan bagi ibu dalam praktik menyusui dan pemberian makan sesuai usia anak.

Kata Kunci: ASI eksklusif, status gizi, balita, antropometri, BB/U

Abstract

The nutritional condition of toddlers is a key indicator used to evaluate their growth, development, and overall health status. One of the major contributing factors to adequate nutrition during early childhood is exclusive breastfeeding within the first six months of life. This study aimed to examine the association between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and the nutritional status of toddlers at TPMB Titik Sriwahyuni, Atambua City. A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design was applied. The study involved 40 mothers with children aged 1–5 years selected through total sampling. Information regarding exclusive breastfeeding history was collected using a structured questionnaire, while nutritional status was assessed through anthropometric measurement based on the weight-for-age (W/A) index. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate methods, employing the chi-square test at a 95% confidence level. The findings revealed that 24 respondents (60%) had provided exclusive breastfeeding, and 30 toddlers (75%) were classified as having normal nutritional status. The chi-square test produced a p-value of 0.021 (<0.05), indicating a statistically significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding history and toddler nutritional status. Toddlers who received exclusive breastfeeding were more likely to have normal nutritional status compared to those who did not. Strengthening breastfeeding education and family support is recommended to maintain exclusive breastfeeding practices and appropriate complementary feeding.

Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional status, toddlers, anthropometry, weight-for-age